Racial prejudice in football an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Racial prejudice in football Introduction This paper presents research on racial prejudice in football. The focus is specifically on racial prejudice among players in European soccer. Racial prejudice relates to discrimination of soccer players on the basis of their race. The discrimination can be through use of words and statements which are not race friendly as well as actions which are meant to discriminate against people of a given race. Need essay sample on "Racial prejudice in football" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed According to Stuart Sim (2008), Soccer is a very old game that can be traced to the ancient generation including the second century when Chinese were involved in kicking a leather ball through a small hole in a piece of silk cloth strung between two high poles. These were the primitive ages of soccer which has evolved over the decades to gain the current international frenzy witnessed in the modern world. Europe has distinguished itself as the home of the modern day soccer. The concept of buying players promoted by the leading football clubs in Europe and all over the world has led to players of different races and ethnic backgrounds converging in the same soccer team. It is the black players in European soccer clubs who have faced a substantial share of racial discrimination by the white players, funs and even some club administrators. University Students Very Often Tell EssayLab professionals: Who wants to write paper for me? Professional writers recommend: There Is Nothing Impossible For Essaylab Writers In other European nations like Germany, a section of the crowd attending football matches have been noticed showering insults at minority players mainly from Africa and Arab world. This is worsened if their team has lost the match to an opponent team where the minority player is playing for. This discrimination has not spared even African- American players who compete professionally in European leagues. These players give testimonies of having to suffer verbal and physical abuse because of their race both while in the field and when outside the field. It is very unfortunate that these nations continue to host major world soccer games like world cup. In addition, racial prejudice is not only a problem for the minority players but also non-white players who attend these matches. Racial discrimination is so entrenched in some cities that non-white visitors can not venture freely outside the confines of the stadium or their hotels into the town and the villages in fear of being abused bo th verbally and physically because of their race. Incidences of racial discrimination have always been overshadowed by the hooliganism associated with European soccer matches. There is however rising trends in racial slurs and racially charged incidents as a result of a number of factors including the increasing racial diversity of formerly all-white clubs. This has been promoted by big European clubs signing players from other nations outside Europe especially harnessing the great potential in Africa. It is the dream of every African soccer players to join these wealthy clubs due to lack of enough resources by African governments to support such talents. The prestigious lifestyles by Africans playing for these clubs are also a motivational model to other players. Growing resistance to immigration from African and Arab nations in several European countries has created some hatred and hostility among natives hence instigating racial prejudice. The tendency of race-related conflicts to grab headlines and greater scrutiny of such incidents to reverse such trends only serves to worsen racial prejudice. This is especially so when funs realize that they can cause a ruckus and perhaps upset a key opposing player with racial taunts .Racial tension also appears to be fueled by a lack of economic opportunities for whites. The whites blame this trend on black players whom they perceive to have come into their country and grabbed the existing opportunities. This leaves the minority players at the mercy of racist players and funs. Most incidences of racial discrimination pass unnoticed because they happen behind the curtains away from the concerned authorities and some racially discriminated players are just too scared to complain about the natives because they are numerical disadvantage in a new country. (Stuart Sim, 2008). Racial prejudice in soccer has been identified as a very serious threat to the football clubs and the social setup in this world that is increasingly undergoing globalization. (Stuart Sim ,2008). This has even prompted the emergence of various antiracism organizations like Kick It Out, a London-based organization which is a member of Football Against Racism in Europe (FARE) alongside other organizations from thirteen European countries dedicated to fighting racism in soccer. Such organizations have staged antiracism campaigns targeting soccer funs that are found of launching racist attacks on minority players of a rival soccer club. Such overt racial prejudices take the form of harassment of the player, physical and verbal assaults, spitting at the players car or name calling. Such incidences have made minority players to fear for their lives and even explore the possibility of foregoing the luxurious opportunities and going back to their respective countries. Stories are told of players who have been subjected to serious humiliation like funs of the opponent clubs stocking the players after a much and shaking their cars, spitting on the cars, throwing food at the player and punching their cars all bec ause this player is of a different race. Funs who sit near the field have also been suspended and fined for unfriendly gestures like monkey chants, using annoying names to intimidate the player and even punching the player who he goes to throw the ball or when he tries to defend himself by responding to their insults. However, some people believe that these are actions of just a handful of people who are out to spoil it all for other people. Increasing immigration which has led to more players of color in Europe has incited some of the racial tension across Europe. This can be illustrated by the riots which were experienced in the Paris suburbs which revealed the high level of immigrants' frustration due to lack of economic opportunity, especially for young people. This trend has lead to increasing fears and concerns in Europe concerning the soaring immigration. Most experts and players blame the European countries for tolerating racial prejudice, a fact that is so disappointing when comparing with the situation in nations like the U.S where racial discrimination is considered a vice and a taboo. According to Stuart Sim (2008), the globalization of soccer has led to increased diversity on the field, which has led to dissent from some fans in Europe. It is obvious that many of the world's top pro teams are in Europe and are led by players of color. For instance, defending World Cup champion Brazil's Ronaldinho, the 2004 and 2005 world player of the year, plays for newly crowned European club champion FC Barcelona in Spain, as does Sweden's Henri k Larsson. France's Thierry Henry and the Ivory Coast's Kolo Toure led English club Arsenal to the European club final. Ghana's Michael Essien and the Ivory Coast's Didier Drogba helped Chelsea win the English Premier League title. A country like German tried to resist this trend for a very long time but gave in by the signing of Ghanaian soccer player Gerald Asamoah which led to successive signing of other black players. This trend can not change any sooner because these football clubs have the money while the minority players have the needed talents to push the clubs to stardom. These successful players however are not spared from racial discrimination as the fans sometimes whistle, booed and make monkey noises at them. For example in a European Champions League qualifier against Red Star Belgrade in Serbia and Montenegro in 2004, Beasley who is a black player was welcomed rudely. When he touched the ball, the media reported that the fans whistled, booed and made monkey noises at him. He encountered the same experiences at road games in the Netherlands. Most of the black players who have ever played for European soccer clubs testify that racial discrimination in most European countries is direct and bluntly displayed. For instance a black soccer player can be denied access to a restaurant a restaurant in pretext that he is not welcome into the private party while the main message is to tell the player that he is in a territory of a different race. The trend of racial discrimination tends to increase in the present days as demonstrated by various incidences experienced by black players. The worlds top player from Cameroon Samuel Eto'o, who plays for FC Barcelona, threatened to walk out of a game after being showered with monkey chants and peanuts from opposing fans. Another incident happened when Marc Zoro, who is from the Ivory Coast and plays for the Italian club Messina, picked up the ball and threatened to walk off the field because of racist chants from Inter Milan fans. Some players have also been involved in promotion of racial prejudice especially against foreign players in their native clubs. Paulo Di Canio, a striker for the Italian club Lazio, was suspended for giving fans a straight-arm, Nazi-style salute. When asked about his behavior, he claimed he was supporting fascism, not racism. (Stuart Sim, 2008). In a move to fight racial prejudice, major steps have been taken by both political and religious leaders, including Pope Benedict XVI. An anti-racism message from the pope was read to fans before an exhibition game between Italy and Germany aimed at creating awareness on the consequences of racial prejudice. Educational programs and activist groups such as FARE are prominent in Europe. There also have been anti-racism advertising efforts such as the Nike-affiliated "Stand up, Speak up" campaign led by France's Henry, who was the target of a racist slur by Spanish coach Luis Aragones. Aragones who was fined $87,000 (U.S.) and a public apology which sent a message of how serious an individuals actions can cost him if they promote racial prejudice. (Stuart Sim, 2008). Nike has also been involved in making and selling black-and-white interlocking rubber wristbands throughout Europe with proceeds meant for fighting racism through anti-racism groups. The antiracism campaigns have been reinforced by FIFA, soccer's world governing body by passing an anti-racism legislation that provides for sanctioning Players, coaches and team officials during football matches for engaging in actions that are likely to promote racial prejudice. This legislation however still leaves the funs unregulated. Unfortunately it is this group that is involved in many incidences of racial discrimination. Due to the large number of fans during football matches, enforcing this legislation is very difficult as the officials are not able to monitor what is happening in the stands. Establishing the team whose funs are involved in racially discriminating activities is not easy to allowing for apportioning of blame. FIFA also suggested that players lining up before each game during world cup were to hold banners condemning racism, and, beginning with the quarterfinals, team captains were to read anti-racism messages before games. A special time was also set aside on the World Cup calendar giving room for two anti-discrimination days during the event. These antiracism campaigns were summed up in the World Cup's slogan: "A Time to Make Friends." Various racists groups like neo-Nazis and other racist groups still exists in Germany and these groups have continued to launch attack on black people and even blamed for attacks on black players and their funs whom they refer to as dark-skinned people . Persistent racism in Germany made the authorities to warn black visitors attending world cup to keep off villagers outside Berlin. Taunts by racists are aimed at getting opposing players angry and affecting their play and soccer players who have had a long experience which such racial prejudices advise that black players should learn to ignore such gestures to maintain a good shape during a match. Racial prejudices are part and parcel of such communities and a player responding to them risks even serious actions of racists like physical assault or worse death. Instead of struggling with the humiliations of racists insults and abuses, some p layers take this as a sign of provide and continue to stage outstanding performance to counter the humiliation. Talking about racism is a thorny issue even among the African-American teammates except for personal friends. (Stuart Sim, 2008). Conclusion. Soccer is a very popular football game that is perceived to unite people of all races and loved worldwide. It is however unfortunate that these players who stage outstanding performances are struggling with humiliation due to racial prejudices from certain corners of the world especially in European countries. Despite the severity of the problem, world football body and some government authorities have not stepped up enough measures to combat racial prejudice. Hooliganism at soccer matches provide an atmosphere within which racism thrives. Fighting at football matches is usually associated with racial insults like you dirty nigger or stupid African which is easily ignored as part of the hooliganism. Racial discrimination in football can range from physical and verbal insults like monkey chants, using gestures meant for racial incitement, restricted access to social facilities as well as entering football stadiums with racists banners. Europe is still prone to racial prejudice in the field of sports especially in Germany which is blamed for tolerating racial prejudice. This is evidenced by incidences like when a racist fan entered a stadium with a banner promoting racial discrimination in the presence of police men who failed to confisticate it or arrest him. There were also were also public racist campaigns by right-wing extremists against national players Gerald Asamoah and Patrick Owomoyela because they were black. Those arrested and charged with racial discrimination are subjected to very low fines hence promoting this vice. To stamp out the vice, governments and relevant football stakeholders need to come up with stiffer penalties for those promoting racial hatred. The antiracism campaigns should be incorporated in education policies and public awareness to appeal to even the younger generation. The media need not to heed to intimidation by sports officials threatening to exclude them from covering their matches and promote campaigns against racism. Work Cited Stuart Sim (2008). The Eighteenth-century Novel and Contemporary Social Issues. Edinburgh University: Edinburgh University Press.

Starr County Independence essays

Starr County Independence essays With the Magic Valley caught up in a race with the rest of the country in modern urban design and massed produced pop culture, is there anything left free to define the border background of South Texas? A journey through US Highway Ten leads to the western edge of the Magic, Starr County. With rough landscape and distinctive ways, Starr County is a foreign land unto itself. It begins with the land. As the Magic Valley becomes dissected into suburbs, developed into shopping malls and removed of its regional characteristics, Starr County remains rural in its expanse. The land continues farther than the eye can see. There is a plentiful fragrance of cactus, mesquite, and sagebrush that lingers in the air. The abundance is especially evident as the roads lead north into the huge brush country ranches that map the county. Along the Magic Valley, there are acres and acres of farmland, mostly untouched by the Magic Valleys expanding Americanized modernization. Because of the lack of modernization, the construction of Starr County has its own mode. There are many buildings and homes that are atypical of American contemporary design and decoration. There is more cinder block and clay laid out in rustic charm than red brick and stucco in suburban application. The houses and neighborhoods are randomly intended instead of carefully planned. The colors are vibrant shades of pinks, greens and yellows instead of neutral beiges, browns and creams. Parking lots and driveways are strewn with gravel and caliche rather than paved with concrete or asphalt. The tastes have remained traditional to the area. There are no theme-oriented restaurants like Applebees or Chilis to be found. It would be easier for people to savor a spicy bowl of menudo, seasoned fajitas or a thick brown plate of mole. Adding to the distinctive style is Starr Countys sound. As they reverberate th ...

JavaServer Page Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

JavaServer Page - Essay Example It is alike to PHP, though for the difference, it uses Java Programming Language. JSP is Java Servlet’s high-level abstraction (Bill 2014, p.1). A JSP component is designed as a type of Java Servlet, to do the work of the interface of a user for java web application. They are written as text files combining XML elements, XHTML or HTML codes, as well as the embedded JSP commands and actions (Bomer 2014, p.1). With the use of JSP, input from users can be collected through, database present records and web page forms to dynamically create web pages. JSP tags also have a variety of user purposes such as registering user preferences, retrieving data or information from a database, accessing JavaBeans components, sharing information between requests and passing control between pages (Janssen 23). However, there is program code further division, inside the Application Server, into the three logical tiers. This is fractal in some kind: app server object design which unites the whole system architecture. The diagram below shows the Three-Tier architecture. (Kumar 2008, p. 1) The JSP technology is responsible for dynamically creating Web-based content using middle-tier processing. It does this by splitting the Application Logic from Page Design and then compressing logic in reusable and portable Java components (Walsh 2012, p.1). The logical tier (Middle Tier) is removed from the Presentation Tier and controls the functionality of an application, on its own, by performing processing in details (Walsh 2012, p.1). Any code that is not related to retrieving and storing data, as well as to formatting data for user’s display is business logic, in three-tier architecture. For several reasons, it makes sense to store in separate objects, this business logic (Walker 2014). These objects are comprised in the middle tier. However the divisions are often blurry, between the three layers, and business logic is best in most programs. The terms main

Studying for business report and essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Studying for business report and - Essay Example the government has to curb their control over the supermarket industry as it forms a major part of the economy and may negatively affect economic growth if the government puts restrictions on it. The supermarkets in the UK market compete each other closely and have price wars. According to Maddox (2004), they offer the consumers special discounts, sales and have weekly promotions etc on special items all to attract more consumers by giving them price discounts. Stores like Tesco and Nettle and especially known to have low-priced products. Capizzi (2005) argues on the other hand stores like Sainsbury try to compete their pricing by offering seasonal price cuts. Due to all these price wars, the customers gain in the process. Moreover, the UK market has saturated and new consumers are not found. Thus the supermarkets have to steal market share from one another which they do by cutting prices. Such competition results in low prices for consumers which is very beneficial for them especially in an economic downturn. The superstores add convenience to the way consumers shop. Previously consumers had to go to different stores to buy food items and non food items. But with the advent of supermarkets, consumers have the convenience of shopping for everything they need under one roof. This adds to convenience. They also save on travelling expenses and time which is very essential for them as many consumers now have to work in two jobs. Moreover according to Maddox (2004), even women work and thus they enjoy the convenience offered by these superstores. There is also a growing trend of offering online shopping. The supermarkets have online stores and the consumers can order online and have the products delivered at home. This saves them time which they really appreciate. However, the delivery may not be efficient and online stores may not have all the variety and brands offered in-store. Thus many times

Commercial Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Commercial Law - Essay Example However, AW Ltd made a claim of refund as well compensation for the damaged caused after ten days, which at the onset, releases Shah Ltd from bearing any obligation to compensate the losses incurred by AW Ltd. The case needs assessment as per the provisions of Commercial law in order to conclude whether Shah Ltd can be exempted from refunding AW Ltd and also compensating for the losses occurred and whether the case would have been treated separately if AW Ltd has bought the computer for personal use partly. Discussion In this case, to resolve the issue, the Sale of Goods Act 1979 (SOGA) can be applied. The SOGA signifies that rights, risks as well as ownership of a good purchased is passed from the seller to the buyer in consideration for a price (International Private Law, 2001). Correspondingly, there are certain factors under which the consumers are unable to have any refund, replacement as well as repair such as if goods and/or services are damaged accidentally, if misuse of prod ucts and/or services has caused a fault, if repair of products and/or services by consumers themselves or by others have caused the defect in accordance with provision mentioned in Part 5A subsection 48B [R & B Customs Brokers Ltd v United Dominions Trusts Ltd; Saunders Abbott Ltd (Third Party)] (The Law Society Gazette, 2013) and if buyers have intentionally consume faulty products and/or services (Crown, 2013; Bradgate & White, 2007). As was inferred from the case of Clegg v Andersson (trading as Nordic Marine) [2003] EWCA Civ 320; [2003] 1 All ER (Comm) 721, on the basis of section 13 and section 14 (2) of the SOGA (1979), the goods delivered should be of satisfactory quality and in accordance with prescribed description to be considered as chargeable for refund or compensation by the seller (Office of Fair Trading, 2012). However, the referral case does not disclose any fact to comply with these mentioned criteria and hence, it can be presumed that Shah Ltd, as the seller is lia ble to compensate AW Ltd for its damages. The provisions mentioned under Part 5 A and section 14 of the SOGA also imply that a consumer has legal rights for a period of six years to claim for the damages incurred through the transaction, which makes the exemption clause as mentioned in the invoice void. That is, from the date of purchasing any product and/or service till six years, a consumer can approach a retailer for repair, replacement as well as recovery [P & O Nedlloyd BV v Arab Metals Co & Ors [2005] EWHC 1276 (Comm)] (Bailii, 2005). The six year period signify that even after the expiry of the guarantee period, consumers still possess legal rights in case of faults or damages suffered by the client (Office of Fair Trading, 2008). Therefore, as the provisions mentioned under SOGA PART 5A subsection (1) (b), for the first six months from the date of purchase, AW Ltd is entitled to have repair or replacement services from its retailer, i.e. Shah Ltd. However, provided it is pro ved that nothing was wrong with the computer when purchased, Shah Ltd can be considered as exempted from paying refund to AW Ltd [Darren Egan vs. Motor Services (Bath) Ltd (18 October 2007)] (NADR, 2007). Subsequently, after six months, in order to obtain repair or replace

Characteristics of a Modern Nation State

Characteristics of a Modern Nation State Describing the characteristics of modern nation-state by giving describing Nation, State Nation-state The nation is a culture group residing within the territory of the political state. A group of people are considered a nation if (1) they are permanent residents of a defined territory, (2) they exhibit some form of government, (3) they have a common culture, and (4) they declare themselves to be, and are considered by others to be, sovereign. When a group becomes a nation, older loyalties to family or tribe must be subordinated to the new political order, and a common literature, history, and a sense of a common future develop (Walter, 2004). States are independent political unit that claim exclusive jurisdiction over defined territories and over all of the people and activities within them. The governments are not always able to exercise this jurisdiction completely, but states can encourage or even force patterns of human activities to conform the political map. (Rubinstein, Service, Science, , 2002) The continuous growth in size and complexity of societies led people to seek political organization first in clans based on kinship, later in tribes that were collections of clans, and finally in city-states. Around the fifteenth century, city-states gradually began to emerge as nation-states. A nation-state is a specific form of state, which exists to provide a sovereign territory for a particular nation, and derives its legitimacy from that function. In the ideal model of the nation-state, the population consists of the nation and only of the nation: the state not only houses it, but protects it and its national identity. The nation-state did not always exist, and most of the present nation-states are located on territory that once belonged to another, non-national, state. They came into existence at least partly as a result of political campaigns by nationalists. The establishment of a nation-state can be considered the central demand of any nationalist movement. Japan is considered a nation as it has defined territories, government and the residents share a common culture. Moreover Japan traditionally seen as an example of a nation-state and also the largest of the nation states, with population in excess of 120 million. It should be noted that Japan has a small number of minorities such as Ryukyu peoples, Koreans, and Chinese, and on the northern island of Hokkaido, the indigenous Ainu minority. However, they are either numerically insignificant (Ainu), their difference is not as pronounced (though Ryukyuan culture is closely related to Japanese culture). Japan is also seen as a state due to the limited authority powers of the Emperor he is seen as a ceremonial figurehead, he is defined by the constitution as the symbol of the state and of the unity of the people. Power is held chiefly by the Prime Minister of Japan and other elected members of the Diet, while sovereignty is vested in the Japanese people (National Diet of Japan, 2007) The Emperor effectively acts as the head of state on diplomatic occasions. Akihito is the current Emperor of Japan. Naruhito, Crown Prince of Japan, stands as next in line to the throne. Nation-state in Japan express a shared identity of its own population, it has national symbols, above all a national flag and a national anthem, often a wide range of national emblems. In fact it promotes the Japanese national identity in almost every area of human social and cultural life, from the national library to the national airline. Additionally it attempt to create and maintain national unity, and at least a minimal internal uniformity. Nation states have a cultural policy and a language policy for this purpose, and the educational system is often subordinated to this goal. The desire for uniformity had positive economic effects, because nation-states generally try to reduce internal disparities in income and regional GDP. Most have a regional policy for that purpose. How the United States fits the criteria of and functions as a modern nation-state The United States acts a modern nation-state as it is a sovereign territory as it includes a group of people who want to have their own government; furthermore Territories are geographical areas under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state, Sovereignty means authority to control, Territories are elements of states and we know that the united states of America have 50 states, the United states maintain borders and subdivide their territory for governmental purposes. The common values shared between Americans since the United States was founded in the 18th century, Americans have defined themselves not by their racial, religious, and ethnic identity but by their common values and belief in individual freedom (Friedman, 2008). Goals of American Foreign Policy The goals of U.S. foreign policy can be said to include the following: First, the central goal is to protect the nations physical security. This is a primary goal of every nations foreign policy, but the United States has been more successful in it than most. In fact, since the War of 1812, no foreign armies have occupied the continental United States. In contrast, the nations of continental Europe were overrun twice in the twentieth century and repeatedly in the nineteenth century. However the threat of terrorism may change the state of our security. A second goal is to protect the physical security of the principal allies of the United States. For instance, since World War II, the United States has committed itself to protect the nations of Western Europe through NATO), as well as to protect nations on other continents: Japan, South Korea, and Israel. European Union as a transnational entity: Discuss the major events which lead to the establishment of the European Union. From the ideas of establishing sovereign state characterized by a union federation and the association of sovereign member states confederation the main development in Europe was on supranational foundationwhich is the method of decision-making in multi-national political communities, wherein power is transferred or delegated to an authority by governments of member states, this was carried out to tomake war unthinkable and materially impossible (Fontaine, Europejskie, 2003), the most important events which lead to the establishment of the European Union were the foundation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1952, which was included six nations acted like an international organization serving to unify Western Europe during the Cold War and create the foundation for the modern-day developments of the European Union. The ECSC was the first organization to be based on the principles of supranationalism, later The Treaties of Rome were signed on 25 March 1957, by The Six countries, Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany. The first Treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC) and the second Treaty established the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom). They were the first international organizations to be based on supranationalism, after the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) established a few years prior. Later two new communities were created separately from ECSC, The executives of the new communities were called Commissions, as opposed to the High Authority. The EEC would develop a customs union between members and Euratom would integrate sectors in nuclear energy. In 1973 the European Union started to witness expansion to include new member states. This process began with the Inner Six, who founded the European Coal and Steel Community (the EUs predecessor) in 1952. In 1992 Maastricht Treaty was signed on February 7th which established the European Union when it came into effect on 1 November 1993 became effective; since then, the EUs membership has grown to twenty-seven with the most recent expansion to Bulgaria and Romania in 2007. Major institutions and nations which forms the European Union. The European Union is composed of 27 sovereign Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The contemporary function of the European Union. The function of the European Union (EU) is to enable closer relations between the member states. This is in order to make the most of the collective abilities of the member states, for example free trade, freedom of movement, freedom of job choice. It enables a lot of the beaucracy that used to be involved with those issues to be by passed. The EU was also formed as a counter balance to the position of the United States as the only global super power. The E.U does not belong to specific country, each member state has a say in the running of the EU. The EU was formed mainly out of need for stability in Europe after the Second World War, and was a product of firstly economic agreements, which still form the main basis of todays EU. Describe two examples of foreign policy objectives for the European Union. The first objective of the EU is to use a decisive diplomacy to be a key player in international issues ranging from global warming to the conflict in the Middle East. The basis for the EUs common foreign and security policy (CFSP) remains soft power: the use of diplomacy backed where necessary by trade, aid and peacekeepers to resolve conflicts and bring about international understanding. The second objective is to have governments in charge, foreign and security policy is one area where essential authority remains with EU governments, although the European Commission and, to a lesser extent the European Parliament, are associated with the process. Key decisions are taken by unanimous vote. Analyze how nation-states and transnational entities engage in foreign policy to achieve their interests. Analyze how nation-states and transnational entities engage in foreign policy to achieve their interests analyze the consequences of this interaction for international politics. Nation-states interests basically shapes the foreign policy of a nation, as the Nation-states needs; for instance when development is needed in the economical section the foreign policy of that nation changes to meet the needs for nation-state objectives therefore it starts to establishing or maintaining good relationship with other nations to enhance trade business. Taking the United States as an example; the United States signed the North American free trade agreement (NAFTA) on January 1st 1994. Linking the US, Canada and Mexico. Another example is when Americans felt the lack security after September 11th attacks; the foreign policy of Unites States lunched war on terror which involved in a war against extremists in Afghanistan and another war to disarm Iraq from the possessing alleged weapons of mass destruction, Similarity the EU nation-state which represent the interest of all EU countries by shaping the foreign policy to maintain the peace in Europe and the efforts to reduce global warming. In conclusion the development of national states has been of vital importance in the modern world. Principally, the loyalties and beliefs of nationalism have been motivating forces in the organization of complex, technological societies in the urban-industrial period. They have also been important forces in establishing and maintaining international antagonisms. References Fontaine, Pascal, Europejskie, Uniwersytet. (2003).Studia europejskie. 2003. Friedman, K. (2008). American identity: ideas, not ethnicity. Retrieved from http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080307154033ebyessedo0.5349237.html National Diet of Japan, Initials. (2007, January 10).The Constitution of japan. Retrieved from http://www.sangiin.go.jp/eng/law/index.htm Rubinstein, David, Service, British, Science, British, , Brit. (2002).International bibliography of sociology. Routledge. Walter, C., Opello, (2004).The Nation-state and global order: a historical introduction to contemporary politics. Boulder, US: LYNNE RINENNER.

My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Statement

My Philosophy of Education I want to become a teacher for three reasons. The first is, I love children of all ages and want to help them in any way that I can. The second is, I want to influence children in a positive way and help them be all they can be, much like some of my teachers did me. Finally, I enjoy the feeling that I receive when a child's face lights up, because they understand something that I am explaining to them. That feeling is enough to make me teach, regardless of the paycheck. My philosophy of education is an eclectic one in that I am mainly pragmatist, but I am also slightly idealistic. I am pragmatic in that I believe the classroom should consist of a community of learners. I believe the classroom rules should be established democratically, and that problem solving should be encouraged. Furthermore, I believe that students learn by engaging in activities that are first-hand, and I believe that concrete experiences should be encouraged. I am idealistic in that I believe that my love for the content area will be passed onto the students, which will cause fewer, if any, discipline problems. I believe the disciplinary action should be taken by the teacher, and I will enjoy not only teaching my well known content area, but will also serve as a role model for the students. My classroom will be whatever color the school in which I am working chooses it to be. However, I will add things to it that are full ...